Designing an Effective Internship

Simply deciding to utilize interns in your organization, however, is only the first step. It is important that organizations take the time to carefully research and plan an effective internship program. We have highlighted several key elements that are crucial to a successful internship program.

Long-Range Planning

Thinking about your internship needs in advance is necessary for a successful internship program. Things to consider include workload and the availability of intern projects, staff support, office space and financial resources. In most cases, you should post internships at least seven to ten weeks prior to your expected start date. This will allow sufficient time to screen and select appropriate candidates. Many companies with established internship programs utilize interns throughout the academic year. You will want to do some research to determine how often your organization can support interns and set appropriate deadlines.

Effective Supervision

Due to the training nature of an internship, it is imperative that interns are provided with sufficient supervision. Considerable time investment will be needed, especially on the front-end, to plan for and implement necessary training. It is also recommended that the supervisor plan ongoing weekly meetings to stay up-to-date with the intern's progress. Use care in identifying a seasoned staff member who "buys in" to the importance of utilizing interns. The person should realize that the purpose of an internship is two-fold. Interns will provide some useful assistance for the organization while also gaining on-the-job training that will assist them with their future career search. Meaningful Assignments

Gone are the days of using interns as simple "go-fers". Students are seeking opportunities that will stimulate them and provide real experience. A good internship program will ensure the assignment of challenging projects and tasks. Effective assignments are coupled with adequate supervision so as to provide an information resource and to ensure interns are keeping pace. Be sure to have some additional projects available in case an intern successfully completes a project ahead of schedule. Whenever possible, try to include the intern in organization events such as staff meetings and allow opportunities for networking and informational interviewing with key personnel.

Compensation/Legal Compliance*

 A common question from employers is how to compensate interns. If an intern meets the criteria for a learner/trainee, then the employer is not required to pay minimum wage. The criteria for a "learner/trainee" state that the training must be comparable to that given at a vocational school; the training must benefit the student; the student would not replace regular employees; the employer does not immediately benefit from the student’s activities; there is not a promise of a job following the training; and that both employer and student understand that no wages will be given for the training period. Contact your legal counsel or your Human Resources department for more detailed information.

In addition, employers may not be required to pay minimum wage if the student is receiving course credit for their work. In an article by Patterson (1997), she highlights information provided by the NACE general counsel on academic credit. In summary, credit must be obtained; the employer must receive formal documentation from the intern’s college or university stating the educational relevance of the internship; learning objectives must be clearly stated; no more than 50% of the intern’s work should be the same as other employees; and the intern must be supervised by a staff member. Each college or university will also have their own guidelines for internships taken for course credit. Keep in mind that not all students want to receive academic credit for an internship. Many colleges and universities do not require credit for internship experience. You may obtain more detailed information from your legal counsel or your Human Resources department.

If you opt for a paid internship, you will find that intern wages vary. It is a good idea to research common wage ranges within your industry and geographic location. You may consider calling a career services office in your area, as many collect this information.